Digestive System

Digestive System

·         Glucose + Glucose = Maltose

·         Glucose + Fructose = Sucrose

·         Insulin/ Glucagon = control blood glucose (made by pancreas)

·         Glucagon = alpha cells / Insulin = beta cells

·         Gluc = increases blood glucose level/ Insulin = opposite

·         Insulin reduces blood glucose levels by

·         Promoting the cellular uptake of glucose

·         Slowing glycogen breakdown in the liver

·         Promoting fat storage

• Glucagon increases blood glucose levels by 

• Stimulating conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver
• Stimulating breakdown of fat and protein into glucose

·         Diabetes Mellitus

§  Elevated blood glucose level

o   Type 1

§  Insulin dependent

§  Autoimmune disorder

§  Immune system destroys pancreatic beta cells

o   Type 2

§  Non-insulin dependent

§  Insulin deficiency

§  Caused by diet/ genetics